Poetry is the spontaneous flow of expression conveyed in words which is organized into regular units called stanza to create rhythmical effects or sound patterns in lines. The lines are constructed by the poets into image, rhythm and sound. Sound devices, rhythmical patterns and compression of statements are the characteristics of poetry. Poetry is expressing the thoughts and feelings of a person and conveyed through beautiful, aesthetic expressions in words organized into stanzas which have denotative and connotative meanings.
Poetry can be identified by its form, and the way the poetry is patterned in concept or idea. Knowledge on the different types or categories can help a reader in his work of analysis. Among the types of poetry are epic, free verse, blank verse, ballad, metaphysical, mystical, spiritual, heroic couplet, lyrical ballad, lyric poetry, sonnets and limericks.
The theme of poetry is important as it is a general idea of what the poet is trying to convey to us through his poems and it reflects the poem’s intention in mood and tone. It makes the poetry meaningful when the message is conveyed in beautiful expression.
The expression of the words in the poetry should not be taken literally as poetry has figures of speech which are connotative in meaning. Thus the deeper meaning of words in the poetry needs to be understood to catch the feel and taste of the poetry. Each type of poetry has its own unique elements. Poets use figures of speech such as similes, metaphors, symbols, personifications, synecdoche, metonymies, hyperbole, paradox, anaphora, tautology, onomatopoeia, euphemism, ellipsis, litotes, antithesis, oxymoron, anaphor which are techniques they use to arrange and express the words so that there is life in each poetry that we read.
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